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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ជាក់ស្ដែង | ceak sdaeŋ | 1. clear, sure 2. clearly, surely, obviously Notes: ជើង ដ |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ក្មេងប្រុស | kmeeŋ proh | boy |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| អាយុ | ʔaayuʔ | 1. to be ... years old 2. age |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ប្រហែល | prɑhael | 1. about, approximately 2. resembling, similar to, nearly identical 3. almost 4. maybe, probably, it is possible that, perhaps |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ឆ្នាំ | cnam | year |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ហ្នឹង | nɨŋ | this, that, right here, right now (colloquial form of នេះ = this, that) |
| សក់ | sɑk | hair |
| ខ្លី | kləy | short (in length) |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ខ្មៅ | kmav | black, dark (colored) |
| ពាក់ | peak | 1. to wear (shirt, hat, ring, shoes, but not pants) 2. to put on 3. to hang up, suspend, hang on |
| អាវ | ʔaav | shirt, blouse, coat, upper garment |
| ដៃខ្លី | day kləy | short sleeve {ពាក់អាវសដៃខ្លី = [he's] wearing a white short sleeve shirt} |
| ស | sɑɑ | color: white |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ស្លៀក | sliək | to put on or wear clothing (below the waist only: skirts, trousers) |
| ខោ | kʰao | pants, trousers |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ឈរ | cʰɔɔ | to stand (up) |
| ច្រត់ចង្កេះ | crɑt cɑŋkeh | to have the hands on the hips |
| ភ្នែក | pnɛɛk | 1. eye 2. cell on the skin of a pineapple 3. future 4. to be next, forthcoming |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| សម្លឹង | samlǝŋ | to gaze, to stare Notes: root: ស្លឹង; also written សំឡឹង |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| មើល | məəl | 1. to look at, to watch, to watch for, to observe 2. to read (to oneself), to review (a lesson) 3. to examine, survey, inspect 4. to observe 5. to treat (medically) 6. to care for, take care of 7. to consider, regard 8. particle: come on, give it a try 9. let me see! 10. phrase-final: softens a command or request {ជួយបង្ហាញតិចមើល = Please show me!} |
| ទូ | tuu | 1. cabinet, cupboard, closet, wardrobe {ទូអេធីអឹម = ATM} {ទូខោអាវ = wardrobe} 2. compartment (in a train) |
| ខោអាវ | kʰao ʔaav | clothes, clothing |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| មុខ | muk | 1. face, front 2. in front of 3. type, kind, variety 4. dish, kind of food 5. head, chief, chairman, president 6. mouth or opening of a stream 7. (sharp) edge (of a knife blade) |
| ចំនួន | cɑmnuən | amount, number, quantity |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| បើក | baək | 1. to open {បើកប្រអប់ = to open a box} {បើកហាង = to open a shop} 2. to turn on (e.g., a light, faucet, radio) {បើកទឹកម៉ាស៊ីន = to turn on the water/faucet} 3. of the sun: to shine 4. to drive (an automobile), generally to operate a vehicle which is powered by an engine |
| ទ្វារ | tvie | 1. door, entrance, opening, gate 2. mountain pass 3. bay, gulf |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| រក | rɔɔk | 1. to look, search for, seek 2. to look up (e.g., in a dictionary) 3. to see, to visit 4. to request, ask for, ask someone to do something 5. to think about, plan/intend to {រកទៅ … = I’m thinking of [doing sth.], I’m about to [do sth.]} {ខ្ញុំរកជម្រាបលាលោកអ៊ំសិនហើយ = I'm thinking of saying goodbye already, uncle} {ខ្ញុំគិតរកទៅសិនហើយណា = I'm thinking of going/I'm about to leave} {ខ្ញុំកំពុងរកចង់ព្យួររូបថតមួយនេះ = I’m about to hang up a picture here} 6. is about to {មេឃរកភ្លៀងតែអត់ភ្លៀងសោះ = the sky looks like it’s going to rain but it isn’t raining at all} |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| តែ | tae | 1. but, however 2. only, just 3. tea |
| ស្មាអាវ | smaa ʔaav | clothes hanger |
| ប្រើ | praə | to use |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |
| ព្យួរ | pyuə | 1. to hang, suspend 2. to allow to dangle 3. to postpone |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| សណ្ដាប់ធ្នាប់ | sɑndap tnoap | 1. conduct, manners, behavior, discipline, personality, order, method, arrangement 2. act, action Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ពេលខ្លះ | peel klah | sometimes |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| បត់ | bɑt | 1. to turn 2. to fold, bend, crease 3. to turn back/around, reverse direction 4. to veer 5. to bend/curve/wind (as a road) 6. to be winding, twisting 7. folding (as a pocket knife) |
| ធ្វើ | tvəə | 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare 2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice} |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ប្រឡាក់ | prɑlak | 1. dirty, soiled, stained 2. salty 3. to marinate, to salt (in order to preserve) |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ថ្មី | tməy | new |
| ខាងក្រៅ | kʰaaŋ krav | 1. outside, outside of 2. on/from the outside |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ហុយ | hoy | 1. to whirl/swirl/rise up (in a cloud, like dust or smoke) {ហុយក៏ហុយ ក្ដៅក៏ក្ដៅ = it’s dusty and hot} 2. to spread (e.g., of smoke or a smell) 3. to fume |
| ដី | dəy | 1. earth, land, ground, soil 2. territory |
| ជាក់ជា | ceak cie | surely |
| ពុំខាន | pum kʰaan | without fail, without a doubt, certainly |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| បិទ | bət | 1. to shut, close (e.g., a door, a meeting), to turn off (e.g., an electrical switch), to cease (working), to block (e.g., a road) 2. to cover, seal, to attach (to), fasten (on), to place close to, to apply over, smear on, to glue, paste |
| ជិត | cɨt | 1. to be close, near 2. tight 3. close-set, dense, thick 4. closely, tightly 5. almost 6. about to, on the point of (doing something) 7. to cover completely, be completely/firmly covered 8. command used by elephant drivers to make an elephant to move closer |
| បោក | baok | 1. to beat (against a fixed object), smash, to slam, throw violently 2. to do the laundry, to wash clothes {បោកខោអាវ = to do the laundry, to wash clothes} 3. to launder, wash by beating 4. to overthrow 5. to throw oneself to the ground 6. to thresh 7. to cheat, dupe, swindle, trick |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |
| ស្លៀកពាក់ | sliǝk peak | to dress, get dressed, be dressed, wear clothes |
| អស់ | ʔɑh | 1. to consume, use up, run low/short (of something) {អស់ហើយ = [a product, food etc.] finished/sold out} 2. to end, finish, terminate, come to an end 3. entirety, completeness, wholeness 4. to be complete, whole 5. entirely, completely 6. all (of), the whole (of) 7. to have to spend {អស់ម៉ាម៉ឺនទទេ = I had to pay 10’000 for no reason!} |
| អាទិត្យ | ʔaatɨt | 1. sun 2. week 3. Sunday, as in ថ្ងៃអាទិត្យ = Sunday |
| អត់ទាន់ | ʔɑt toan | not yet |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |