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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| បន្ទាប់មក | bɑntoap mɔɔk | next, then, afterwards, later |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| សា | saa | 1. to roll something up (e.g., a mat) 2. to pick/gather up (what has been spread out), collect 3. to turn something over 4. to bring in something 5. to expose to the sun 6. to recur (as an illness) 7. to review 8. to do again, repeat 9. new sprout (from an old root) 10. to sprout anew 11. time, occurrence 12. edition 13. one time, just once 14. bloat/colic (of elephants, horses or oxen) 15. kind of Cambodian fish salad 16. (urinary) bladder (especially of animals such as civets, ducks) |
| ខោអាវ | kʰao ʔaav | clothes, clothing |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ហាល | haal | 1. to dry (something in the sun or wind), expose to the elements 2. to spread out, display 3. to be in the open air 4. to be (sun)dried |
| រួច | ruəc | 1. to finish, end, achieve, complete 2. indicates the possibility of completing the action of the main verb, to be able 3. already, then, after that |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ផ្ទះ | pteah | house, home, residence, building |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| តុ | tok | 1. table, desk 2. small plate on legs for fruit or dessert Notes: irregular pronunciation |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| បត់ | bɑt | 1. to turn 2. to fold, bend, crease 3. to turn back/around, reverse direction 4. to veer 5. to bend/curve/wind (as a road) 6. to be winding, twisting 7. folding (as a pocket knife) |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| បោក | baok | 1. to beat (against a fixed object), smash, to slam, throw violently 2. to do the laundry, to wash clothes {បោកខោអាវ = to do the laundry, to wash clothes} 3. to launder, wash by beating 4. to overthrow 5. to throw oneself to the ground 6. to thresh 7. to cheat, dupe, swindle, trick |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ទុក | tuk | 1. to put, set, place, arrange 2. to set aside, keep, retain, save, preserve, maintain, conserve, hold (in reserve) {ទុកញ៉ាំ = to keep for eating later} |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| សណ្ដាប់ធ្នាប់ | sɑndap tnoap | 1. conduct, manners, behavior, discipline, personality, order, method, arrangement 2. act, action Notes: ជើង ដ |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| ប្រឡាក់ | prɑlak | 1. dirty, soiled, stained 2. salty 3. to marinate, to salt (in order to preserve) |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| រក្សា | reaksaa | 1. to take care of, protect 2. to keep, maintain 3. to observe, pay attention to, watch |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ល្អ | lʔɑɑ | 1. good, nice, beautiful, pretty 2. correct, proper |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ទូ | tuu | 1. cabinet, cupboard, closet, wardrobe {ទូអេធីអឹម = ATM} {ទូខោអាវ = wardrobe} 2. compartment (in a train) |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| កន្លែង | kɑnlaeŋ | 1. place, location, region 2. clf. for locations |
| ណាមួយ | naa muəy | 1. on the one hand/on the other hand {ណាមួយ ... ណាមួយ ... = one the one hand ... on the other hand ...} which one? 2. a certain one, anyone, whichever |
| ស្អាត | sʔaat | 1. to be clean, nice, neat 2. pure, chaste 3. smart (of someone's appearance) 4. nice-looking, beautiful |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| ជាក់ស្ដែង | ceak sdaeŋ | 1. clear, sure 2. clearly, surely, obviously Notes: ជើង ដ |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ខាង | kʰaaŋ | 1. side, part 2. direction 3. pertaining to, with regard to |
| ស្ដាំ | sdam | right, to the right, on the right Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| មិនទាន់ | mɨn toan | not yet |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ទើបតែ | təəp tae | just |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| ស្នួ | snuə | 1. clothesline 2. tightrope, high wire 3. small bridge, footbridge, catwalk, plank/board (for crossing something) 4. pole, bar |
| អម្បាញ់មិញ | ʔɑmbaɲ mɨɲ | just now, just a moment ago |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| អាវ | ʔaav | shirt, blouse, coat, upper garment |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ស្វាយ | svaay | 1. mango 2. color: purple, violet, mauve |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| ជិត | cɨt | 1. to be close, near 2. tight 3. close-set, dense, thick 4. closely, tightly 5. almost 6. about to, on the point of (doing something) 7. to cover completely, be completely/firmly covered 8. command used by elephant drivers to make an elephant to move closer |
| ឆ្វេង | cveeŋ | left, to the left, on the left |
| ក្រហម | krɑhɑɑm | color: red |
| ខៀវ | kʰiəv | blue, green (generally covering the spectrum of colors which includes blues and greens) |
| លឿង | lɨəŋ | color: yellow |
| ជាដើម | cie daəm | 1. for example, for instance 2. as above, as listed (or given) above 3. first of all, first and foremost |
| ខ្លះ | klah | some (serves as a plural marker with ណា and អ្វី) |
| ពេលខ្លះ | peel klah | sometimes |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| អាវយឺត | ʔaav yɨɨt | T-shirt |
| ខោ | kʰao | pants, trousers |
| ខោវប៊យ | kʰau bɔɔy | cowboy (especially referring to someone who wears jeans and other cowboy types of clothing) |
| ចាំបាច់ | cam bac | 1. necessary, essential, indispendable 2. to need to |
| ព្យួរ | pyuə | 1. to hang, suspend 2. to allow to dangle 3. to postpone |
| គ្រាន់តែ | kroan tae | just, only, only just |
| ជាការស្រេច | cie kaa srac | complete, finished |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ទាំងនេះ | teaŋ nih | all of these |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ពាក់ | peak | 1. to wear (shirt, hat, ring, shoes, but not pants) 2. to put on 3. to hang up, suspend, hang on |
| ខ្ទេច | ktɨc | 1. to be shattered, smashed, completely broken, pulverized 2. in small bits 3. in (great) detail 4. (of clothes) to be crumpled, wrinkled |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ហើយនិង | haǝy nɨŋ | and (followed by the last in a series), with |
| ភ្លាម | pliem | 1. immediately, at once, right away 2. suddenly |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ត្រូវការ | trəv kaa | 1. to need, require, want 2. to be necessary, needed, required |
| អ៊ុត | ʔut | 1. to press (with an iron), to iron (clothes) 2. to wave/curl (the hair) 3. to peep at, peek at (especially one's cards) 4. to spy (on), to watch furtively 5. to wish/hope strongly for something (e.g., to wish for a certain point in rolling dice) 6. to reproach someone in a forceful and persistent manner |