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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| អ្នក | neak | 1. you (to equals of both sexes) 2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives) |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| បី | bəy | three |
| នាក់ | neak | clf. for people |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ជិះ | cih | to ride (in or on a car, horse, boat, plane, train) |
| ម៉ូតូ | moutou | motorbike, motorcycle |
| មកដល់ | mɔɔk dɑl | to arrive at, come to |
| ផ្ទះ | pteah | house, home, residence, building |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ត្រលប់ | trɑlɑp | 1. to return 2. to turn around |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| វត្ត | voat | 1. Buddhist monastery, pagoda/temple complex 2. respect, esteem 3. tradition, discipline 4. application, fulfillment, implement-ation 5. profession, job, assignment, task 6. habit 7. actions, behavior, conduct Notes: ជើង ត |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ក្រោយពេល | kraoy peel | after (the time when) |
| ធ្វើ | tvəə | 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare 2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice} |
| បុណ្យ | bon | 1. ceremony, celebration, festival 2. holiday 3. good deed, meritorious act, merit 4. the good, goodness, charity 5. dignity 6. rank, grade 7. promotion (in rank) 8. power (especially supernatural power) 9. influence |
| រួចរាល់ | ruəc roal | 1. to finish, to complete 2. completely |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ប្រគេន | prɑkeen | 1. to present/give/offer (to a Buddhist monk) 2. for, on, behalf |
| ចង្ហាន់ | cɑŋhan | food (for Buddhist monks) Notes: root: ឆាន់ |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| ព្រះសង្ឃ | preah sɑŋ | 1. Buddhist monk 2. priest |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| របៀប | rɔbiəp | 1. method, system, order, arrangement, organization 2. style, way 3. rules |
| ស្រុកស្រែ | srok srae | countryside |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ទីក្រុង | tii kroŋ | city, town |
| ថ្ម | tmɑɑ | 1. rock, stone 2. concrete 3. battery |
| ភាគច្រើន | pʰiek craən | 1. mostly 2. majority |
| សង់ | sɑŋ | 1. to construct, build, erect, assemble, put together 2. to pile up (especially in a joking manner) |
| ជាប់នឹង | coap nɨŋ | 1. next to, adjacent to, near 2. to stick/attach to |
| ដី | dəy | 1. earth, land, ground, soil 2. territory |
| ទាប | tiep | low (of height or class) |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| ជាន់ | coan | 1. floor, story, level, stage, class, status 2. to step on, trample on, walk on 3. of events: to overlap 4. to dominate, to control, administer, be in charge of 5. to pound (grain in a mortar using a foot-powered pestle) 6. to strike repeatedly 7. (of animals) to mount/mate with 8. surrounding wall, fortification 9. period of time 10. (especially of an evil spirit or bad influence) to possess, take possession of |
| ផ្ទះល្វែង | pteah lvɛɛŋ | apartment |
| លក្ខណៈ | leakkʰaʔnaʔ | 1. attribute, (physical) characteristic, distinctive feature 2. character, nature, quality 3. appearance, shape, form 4. condition, criterion, qualification 5. meaning 6. section (of a law text) |
| ទំនើប | tumnəəp | modern, up-to-date, recent Notes: root: ទើប |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ស្រស់ស្អាត | srɑh sʔaat | beautiful |
| ជាង | cieŋ | 1. (more) ... than, in excess of, exceeding, to a greater extent than 2. marks the comparative degree of an adjective {ល្អជាង = better} 3. craftsman, artisan, skilled worker, smith {ជាងថត = camera man} |
| ចំណែកឯ | cɑmnaek ʔae | as for, as to, regarding |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ឈើ | cʰəə | 1. tree, wood 2. wooden |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| ខ្ពស់ | kpʊəh | high, tall |
| ផុត | pʰot | 1. to come to an end, cease 2. to die 3. to come to the end of 4. to use up all of something 5. to be over, closed 6. to be free of/clear, out of the way 7. to escape, get free of 8. to avoid 9. to almost reach, barely miss 10. to place out of reach, be out of reach 11. to surpass 12. end, last of something |
| តែ | tae | 1. but, however 2. only, just 3. tea |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| ខ្នង | knɑɑŋ | 1. the back, back of something 2. clf. for houses |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ដំបូល | dɑmboul | 1. roof 2. top, cover |
| ជាប់គ្នា | coap knie | 1. to be joined, attached, linked, locked (together) 2. next to, consecutive {៣ ឆ្នាំជាប់គ្នា = three years in a row} |
| ខ្មែរ | kmae | Khmer, Cambodian |
| សសរ | sɑsɑɑ | column, pillar, post, pile, shaft |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| ខាងក្រោម | kʰaaŋ kraom | 1. below, underneath 2. at the bottom of 3. downstairs 4. southern |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ទ្រ | trɔɔ | 1. to support (from below), to carry (from underneath) 2. to uphold 3. to hold back, to restrain |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| កាំជណ្ដើរ | kam cʊəndaə | rung (of a ladder), stair steps Notes: ជើង ដ |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| បង្កាន់ដៃ | bɑŋkan day | handrail |
| ពេលខ្លះ | peel klah | sometimes |
| ខ្លះ | klah | some (serves as a plural marker with ណា and អ្វី) |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ជណ្ដើរ | cʊəndaə | ladder, stairs, staircase Notes: ជើង ដ |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| តោង | taoŋ | 1. to hang on to, catch hold of, to cling to/stick to 2. should, ought to, must, have to |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| ការពារ | kaapie | to protect, defend |
| សុវត្ថិភាព | soʔvattʰeʔpʰiep | 1. goodness, prosperity, happiness, success 2. good health 3. safety |
| កុំឲ្យ | kom ʔaoy | 1. in order that not ..., so as not to ... 2. don't let ... |
| ធ្លាក់ | tleak | 1. to fall, to fall down 2. to fail (an examination) |
| ទ្វារ | tvie | 1. door, entrance, opening, gate 2. mountain pass 3. bay, gulf |
| ខាងមុខ | kʰaaŋ muk | 1. front, in front (of), ahead 2. forward, facing forward 3. in the future, coming |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| រានហាល | rien haal | 1. porch, veranda, balcony, sun deck 2. drying platform |
| ទីធ្លា | tii tlie | 1. (natural) clearing 2. yard, play ground 3. courtyard, terrace |
| ខាងលើ | kʰaaŋ lǝǝ | above, on, on top, upstairs |
| អង្គុយ | ʔɑŋkuy | to sit, to sit down |
| លេង | leeŋ | 1. to play 2. to do something for fun or pleasure 3. to joke |
| ជុំគ្នា | cum knie | 1. to unite, reunite, assemble 2. together |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| ចាំបាច់ | cam bac | 1. necessary, essential, indispendable 2. to need to |
| ចុះ | coh | 1. to move downwards, descend, go down, get down, dismount 2. get off/out of 3. to go downstream 4. (of rain) to fall 5. (of fog/mist) to appear 6. to flow, run 7. to decrease, diminish 8. to lower a price, to give a discount 9. to submit, give up, comply 10. down (adverbial denoting movement downwards physically, in status or class, or in price) 11. downstream 12. to register, sign 13. to make an entry, record 14. to formalize 15. to conduct, carry out (e.g., an investigation) 16. to relax 17. to release 18. to be dated (with a calendrical date) 19. to work something out 20. to have diarrhea |
| រនាំង | rɔneaŋ | 1. curtain, screen, shade 2. blind, sliding shutter |
| ខ្លាច | klaac | to fear, to be afraid of |
| ក្មេង | kmeeŋ | 1. child, young person 2. young |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| បាំង | baŋ | to conceal, cover, hide (something), mask, obstruct, shield, protect (e.g., with an umbrella) |
| គ្រោះថ្នាក់ | krʊək tnak | 1. accident 2. danger, risk 3. to be dangerous |
| ផ្សេង | pseeŋ | to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate |
| កើតឡើង | kaət laəŋ | to happen, occur |
| នីមួយៗ | niimuəy niimuəy | each, each one, every one, various, all |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |