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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| បន្ទាប់មក | bɑntoap mɔɔk | next, then, afterwards, later |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| អ្នកដំណើរ | neak dɑmnaə | traveller |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| អស់ | ʔɑh | 1. to consume, use up, run low/short (of something) {អស់ហើយ = [a product, food etc.] finished/sold out} 2. to end, finish, terminate, come to an end 3. entirety, completeness, wholeness 4. to be complete, whole 5. entirely, completely 6. all (of), the whole (of) 7. to have to spend {អស់ម៉ាម៉ឺនទទេ = I had to pay 10’000 for no reason!} |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| ទូក | tuuk | boat, sampan, canoe, (especially boats without motors) |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ពាក់ | peak | 1. to wear (shirt, hat, ring, shoes, but not pants) 2. to put on 3. to hang up, suspend, hang on |
| អាវ | ʔaav | shirt, blouse, coat, upper garment |
| ស្វាយ | svaay | 1. mango 2. color: purple, violet, mauve |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| ម្ដង | mdɑɑŋ | 1. one time, once 2. for a change Notes: ជើង ដ; contraction of មួយដង |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| កំពង់ផែ | kɑmpʊəŋ pʰae | harbor, dock, wharf |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| កៀក | kiək | 1. to put an arm around 2. to be adjacent, close |
| គ្នា | knie | 1. together 2. mutually, reciprocally 3. I/me/my (informal, intimate) 4. he/she/they/we (informal, intimate) 5. assistant, helper, colleague 6. friend, companion 7. people 8. clf. for persons |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ចន្លោះ | cɑnlɑh | interval, gap, space, omission |
| ធំ | tʰom | to be big, tall, vast, important Notes: irregular pronunciation |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| គម្លាត | kumliet | separation, gap, distance apart Notes: Headley has គំលាត, but this spelling is much less frequent |
| នៃ | ney | 1. of, belonging to (more literary and formal than របស់) 2. links verb and its object |
| កង់ | kɑŋ | 1. wheel, tire 2. bicycle 3. piece, slice, circle, something round 4. chop (of meat), piece (of fish), slice (of fish) 5. clf. for pipes, logs, slices |
| ឡាន | laan | car, motor vehicle |
| ទំហំ | tumhum | size, dimension |
| ក្រាស់ | krah | thick, dense |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ប៉ះ | pah | 1. to hit, to collide with 2. to touch, come in contact with 3. to meet, encounter, confront |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | with, by (means of), (attached) to |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| ផែ | pʰae | harbor, dock, wharf |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ឈាន | cʰien | to take a step, step forward, walk {ឈានជំហាន = to take a step} |
| ជំហាន | cumhien | step, pace |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| បោះជំហាន | bɑh cumhien | 1. to take a step/steps 2. to make progress, advance |
| វែង | vɛɛŋ | long, tall |
| ជាក់ស្ដែង | ceak sdaeŋ | 1. clear, sure 2. clearly, surely, obviously Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| យ៉ាង | yaaŋ | 1. kind, type, way, manner 2. clf. for kinds, types 3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly} 4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ជើង | cəəŋ | 1. foot, leg 2. base, bottom 3. edge 4. subscript form of a Cambodian consonant 5. immediate vicinity 6. north {ខាងជើង = north} 7. way, path, trip 8. clf. for trips or occurrences 9. to be an expert/veteran/skilled at + verb |
| ឆ្វេង | cveeŋ | left, to the left, on the left |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| រីឯ | rii ʔae | as for, regarding |
| ស្ដាំ | sdam | right, to the right, on the right Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| រវាង | rɔvieŋ | 1. between 2. during |
| ជិត | cɨt | 1. to be close, near 2. tight 3. close-set, dense, thick 4. closely, tightly 5. almost 6. about to, on the point of (doing something) 7. to cover completely, be completely/firmly covered 8. command used by elephant drivers to make an elephant to move closer |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| តិច | təc | 1. to be few (in number), small (in size or extent), less 2. a little bit, somewhat 3. phrase-final: makes a request more polite {ចង់ពឹងឲ្យជួយលើកអីវ៉ាន់តិច = Can you please help me carrying these things?} {ខ្ញុំសុំលអាវនេះតិចបានអេ៎? = Can I try on this shirt here, please?} 4. phrase-initial: expressing concern {តិចមានបញ្ហាអីទៅ បង? = Will this be a problem?} |
| ពេក | peek | too, too much, too many |
| ខ្លី | kləy | short (in length) |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| ធ្លាក់ | tleak | 1. to fall, to fall down 2. to fail (an examination) |
| ទឹក | tɨk | 1. water, juice, liquid 2. round (e.g., of a boxing match) |
| គ្រោះថ្នាក់ | krʊək tnak | 1. accident 2. danger, risk 3. to be dangerous |
| ដួល | duəl | to fall, to fall over, to collapse |
| ប៉ះទង្គិច | pah tʊəŋkɨc | 1. to clash, collide, bump into 2. to skirmish |
| ដូចគ្នា | douc knie | 1. to be alike, like, just as, like each other, same, the same kind of thing, such as 2. + នឹង: to resemble 3. as a response to a good wish etc.: same to you |
| ផុត | pʰot | 1. to come to an end, cease 2. to die 3. to come to the end of 4. to use up all of something 5. to be over, closed 6. to be free of/clear, out of the way 7. to escape, get free of 8. to avoid 9. to almost reach, barely miss 10. to place out of reach, be out of reach 11. to surpass 12. end, last of something |
| កុំឲ្យ | kom ʔaoy | 1. in order that not ..., so as not to ... 2. don't let ... |
| ម្យ៉ាងវិញទៀត | myaaŋ vɨɲ tiət | on the other hand |
| ក្មេង | kmeeŋ | 1. child, young person 2. young |
| ចង់ | cɑŋ | 1. to want/wish/desire (to do something) 2. to flirt with, court, woo (a girl) 3. to approach, draw near 4. about to (do something), on the point of 5. even if |
| ជិះ | cih | to ride (in or on a car, horse, boat, plane, train) |
| លើក | lǝǝk | 1. to lift, raise, elevate, boost, hoist {លើកដៃសំពះ = to raise the hands in a greeting or respectful gesture} {លើករបស់ = to lift something} {លើកទូរស័ព្ទ = to pick up the phone} 2. to erect, build, establish, create 3. to form 4. to levy/raise (e.g., troops) 5. to perform/celebrate (a ritual or ceremony) 6. to exalt 7. to rouse 8. to transport 9. to exhume, dig up 10. to postpone, adjourn, cancel 11. time, occasion, instance, session {លើកមុន = last time} 12. except, unless |
| ពោរ | pou | 1. water level: to be rising up to the rim/bank 2. to be full, overflowing |
| ជួយ | cuəy | to help, to assist |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ខ្លួនឯង | kluən ʔaeŋ | 1. oneself 2. personally, on one's own, by oneself |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| ម្ខាង | mkʰaaŋ | 1. one side, one (of a pair) 2. at/on one side, at the other side Notes: contraction of មួយខាង |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| ផែនទី | pʰaen tii | map, model |
| បោះ | bɑh | 1. to throw (away), cast, fling 2. to cast (a vote) {ខ្ញុំបោះហើយ = I've voted already} 3. to scatter 4. to broadcast 5. to sow (seed) 6. to thrust (down) into, force in, insert, drive/fix (a stake in the ground) 7. to implant, set up 8. to locate, station, pitch a camp 9. to crush, grind, gin (cotton) 10. to imprint/impress (a seal), stamp, affix 11. to publish 12. to sell in large quantities with limited profit 13. to take a step |
| ថយក្រោយ | tʰɑɑy kraoy | 1. to back up, step back 2. to decrease 3. to have a set-back, relapse |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ឈរ | cʰɔɔ | to stand (up) |
| ខាងក្រោយ | kʰaaŋ kraoy | behind, in the back |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| យួរ | yuə | to carry (by a handle) |
| កាបូប | kaaboup | 1. bag 2. purse, wallet |
| តោង | taoŋ | 1. to hang on to, catch hold of, to cling to/stick to 2. should, ought to, must, have to |
| ខាងលើ | kʰaaŋ lǝǝ | above, on, on top, upstairs |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| ដំបូល | dɑmboul | 1. roof 2. top, cover |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| អ្នក | neak | 1. you (to equals of both sexes) 2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives) |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| ឬ | rɨɨ | 1. or 2. phrase-final interrogative particle {មិនមែនឬ = Isn't it true?} |
| រអិលដួល | rɔʔəl duəl | to slip and fall |