Expressing anger — Cultural note


នៅខ្មែរ ពេលទៅផ្សារទិញទំនិញនៅពេលព្រឹក គេហាមមិនឲ្យតថ្លៃច្រើនសួរតម្លៃហើយមិនទិញបើយើងធ្វើដូចនោះ អ្នកលក់នឹងខឹងហើយអាចស្ដីឲ្យ ព្រោះគេជឿថា ការលក់ដំបូងនៅពេលព្រឹក គឺសំខាន់ណាស់ បើពេលព្រឹកលក់មិនបាន នោះគឺលក់មិនដាច់មួយថ្ងៃពេញតែម្ដងគេប្រើពាក្យថា កៅឆាយ ជាពាក្យក្លាយពីចិន មានន័យថា ការទិញលក់នៅពេលចាប់ផ្ដើមដំបូង

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KhmerPronunciationEnglish/Notes
នៅ nɨv 1. in, at
2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in
3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?}
ខ្មែរ kmae Khmer, Cambodian
ពេល peel 1. time
2. moment, instant, period of time
ទៅ tɨv 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away
2. towards
3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker)
4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!}
ផ្សារ psaa market, bazaar, fair
ទិញ tɨɲ to buy
ទំនិញ tumnɨɲ goods, merchandise
ពេលព្រឹក peel prɨk morning, in the morning
គេ kee 1. he, she
2. one, someone
3. other(s)
ហាម haam 1. to forbid, prohibit, prevent
2. put a stop to
3. restrict, bar, block
4. border, edge (of a plate), rim, brim (of a hat)
មិន mɨn negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ)
ឲ្យ ʔaoy 1. to give
2. to let, to allow
3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?}
4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives)
Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ
តថ្លៃ tɑɑ tlay to discuss the price, to debate the price, to haggle (over the price)
ច្រើន craən 1. much, many, numerous, very much
2. mostly, often
rɨɨ 1. or
2. phrase-final interrogative particle {មិនមែនឬ = Isn't it true?}
សួរ suə 1. to ask, question, enquire
2. to visit, come to see
តម្លៃ tɑmlay 1. price
2. value
ហើយ haǝy 1. to be finished, ended, completed
2. enough!
3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now
4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time
5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that
បើ baə 1. if, may be
2. although
យើង yəəŋ 1. we
2. I (familiar)
3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?}
ធ្វើ tvəə 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare
2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice}
ដូច douc alike, similar, like, as
នោះ nuh 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space)
2. then
អ្នកលក់ neak lʊək seller
នឹង nɨŋ future tense marker: will, about to
ខឹង kʰəŋ to be angry
អាច ʔaac 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something)
2. to be possible
3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to)
4. to dare to
ស្ដីឲ្យ sdǝy ʔaoy to blame/scold/reprimand directly
Notes: ជើង ដ
ព្រោះ prʊəh because (of), since
ជឿ cɨə 1. to believe, to trust (in)
2. to buy on credit
ថា tʰaa 1. to say, tell, pronounce
2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse)
3. I've [just] said, [...]
ការ kaa 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases
2. work, occupation
3. business, affair, matter
4. to protect, defend, prevent
5. to marry
6. marriage
7. wedding
8. interest (e.g., on a loan)
9. profit
10. usury
11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel)
12. to spin (silk)
លក់ lʊək 1. to sell
2. asleep {ដេកលក់ = to be sound asleep, to sleep deeply} {ដេកមិនលក់ = to not be able to fall asleep, to have insomnia}
ដំបូង dɑmbouŋ 1. first, first of all, before
2. at first, in the beginning
គឺ kɨɨ 1. to be (equal to)
2. as follows, namely
សំខាន់ sɑmkʰan 1. to be important, essential, crucial, principal
2. magnificent, superb, remarkable, excellent, exemplary, model
ណាស់ nah very, very much
បាន baan 1. to have completed/done something
2. to intend to complete something
3. marker of completed action
4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something
5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense)
6. to be able to
7. not ... until, then and only then
8. to pass to someone through inheritance
9. to be OK, fine, all right
10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot}
11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)}
ដាច់ dac 1. detached, disconnected, cut off, separated, torn
2. to break apart, to separate
3. time periods: to end
4. to be ended
5. end, last part of
6. to be firm, resolute, determined, to be committed to a course of action
7. extremely, absolutely, firmly, positively, clearly
8. + verb: to be able to + verb
9. {លក់ដាច់ = to sell well (of a product)}
មួយ muəy 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one}
2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!}
ថ្ងៃ tŋay 1. day, daytime
2. sun
ពេញ pɨɲ 1. to be complete, full, filled up
2. to fill up
3. to be sufficient, satisfied, whole, entire
តែម្ដង tae mdɑɑŋ 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly
2. all of a sudden
3. generally, in general
4. totally
Notes: ជើង ដ
ប្រើ praə to use
ពាក្យ piek word, term, expression, phrase
កៅឆាយ kav cʰaay first customer of the day
ជា cie 1. to be (equal to), to be as
2. to be well, in good health, recovered
3. to be effective (of medicines)
ក្លាយ klaay 1. to change (into), become, transform (into)
2. to alter/transform something
3. to be changed
4. to be false, fake, counterfeit
5. impure, adulterated
ពី pii from, since, of, about, at
ចិន cən 1. Chinese
2. China
មានន័យ mien ney to mean
ចាប់ផ្ដើម cap pdaəm to begin, start
Notes: ជើង ដ