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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| ផ្ទះ | pteah | house, home, residence, building |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| សំដៅ | sɑmdav | 1. to note, indicate, point out, emphasize 2. to aim (at), head (straight) for 3. to go somewhere for an express purpose 4. to allude 5. (directly) to, at, toward, in the direction of 6. about, concerning |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| កន្លែងធ្វើការ | kɑnlaeŋ tvəə kaa | office, workplace |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| បណ្ដើរ | bɑndaə | 1. to accompany, escort (by walking), conduct, take for a walk 2. (bicycle, motorbike) to push 3. to go together, go out with 4. to be simultaneous with 5. to keep on doing, continue 6. a little at a time, gradually 7. simultaneously, at the same time 8. while Notes: ជើង ដ |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| ម្ខាង | mkʰaaŋ | 1. one side, one (of a pair) 2. at/on one side, at the other side Notes: contraction of មួយខាង |
| ខ្ទប់ | ktup | 1. to shut/close, to enclose, to cover 2. to shut in, block, fence in |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| កាបូប | kaaboup | 1. bag 2. purse, wallet |
| ស្ពាយ | spiey | 1. to carry slung across/suspended from the shoulder, carry by means of a shoulder strap 2. shoulder strap (e.g., of a rifle) |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| កុំឲ្យ | kom ʔaoy | 1. in order that not ..., so as not to ... 2. don't let ... |
| យោល | yool | 1. to swing back and forth (as a pendulum), rock, sway 2. to dangle, suspend 3. to go with the momentum of 4. to oscillate, to wave, shake 5. to ripple (as waves) 6. in a slow rhythmic manner 7. swing 8. to refer to, cite |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ទប់ | tup | to bar, to block, to obstruct, to stop, to control, to dam up |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| យោក | yook | 1. to sway, rock, swing 2. to jerk on a rope 3. to scold, chastise |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ពិបាក | piʔbaak | 1. difficult {ការទិញអីវ៉ាន់នៅខ្មែររៀងពិបាកបន្តិច = buying things in Cambodia is a bit difficult/not easy} {តែពិបាកត្រង់ ឆាប់ងងុយដេក = the problem is: I’m getting tired easily} 2. sad, poor, miserable 3. to suffer |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ធ្វើដំណើរ | tvəə dɑmnaə | to make a trip, travel |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ចុះ | coh | 1. to move downwards, descend, go down, get down, dismount 2. get off/out of 3. to go downstream 4. (of rain) to fall 5. (of fog/mist) to appear 6. to flow, run 7. to decrease, diminish 8. to lower a price, to give a discount 9. to submit, give up, comply 10. down (adverbial denoting movement downwards physically, in status or class, or in price) 11. downstream 12. to register, sign 13. to make an entry, record 14. to formalize 15. to conduct, carry out (e.g., an investigation) 16. to relax 17. to release 18. to be dated (with a calendrical date) 19. to work something out 20. to have diarrhea |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ដោយសារ | daoy saa | 1. because of, thanks to 2. depending on |
| ឃ្លីងឃ្លោង | kliiŋ klooŋ | rocking back and forth, swaying, unstable, fluctuating Notes: equivalent to ឃ្លេងឃ្លោង |
| ទៅតាម | tɨv taam | 1. by, according to, through {គេគិតតម្លៃទៅតាមគីឡូ = they’re charging by the kilo} 2. to pursue, go after, go along with 3. to send for 4. to retrieve |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| ងាយស្រួល | ŋiey sruǝl | easy (e.g., to do, to use) |
| ទៅមុខ | tɨv muk | 1. to go forward, to advance, to go in front 2. forward |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| ជិះ | cih | to ride (in or on a car, horse, boat, plane, train) |
| ម៉ូតូ | moutou | motorbike, motorcycle |
| ស៊ីក្លូ | siiklou | cyclopousse, 3-wheel pedicab, bicycle-powered rickshaw |
| ឡាន | laan | car, motor vehicle |
| អី | ʔəy | 1. what? {អីហ្នឹង?/អីគេ?/អីគេហ្នឹង? = what is this?/what?} {កាន់អីនៅនឹងដៃហ្នឹង? = What are [you] holding in [your] hand?} 2. something, anything {មានអីអត់ = Are you all right?/Is everything ok?/Did anything happen?} {ខ្ញុំទៅក្រៅញ៉ាំអី = I’m going out to eat something} Notes: variant of អ្វី |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ប្រញាប់ប្រញាល់ | prɑɲap prɑɲal | 1. to hurry up 2. quickly, in a (great) hurry, urgently |
| ខ្លាំង | klaŋ | 1. to be strong, vigorous 2. loud 3. firm, sturdy 4. serious 5. strongly, vigorously, exceedingly |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ជិត | cɨt | 1. to be close, near 2. tight 3. close-set, dense, thick 4. closely, tightly 5. almost 6. about to, on the point of (doing something) 7. to cover completely, be completely/firmly covered 8. command used by elephant drivers to make an elephant to move closer |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | with, by (means of), (attached) to |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| អត្ថប្រយោជន៍ | ʔattʰaʔprɑyaoc | advantage, benefit, profit, use |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| សន្សំសំចៃ | sɑnsɑm sɑmcay | to economize |
| ចំណាយ | cɑmnaay | 1. expenditure, expenses, spending 2. to spend |
| ផ្សេង | pseeŋ | to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| ម៉ូតូឌុប | moutou dup | 1. motorcycle taxi 2. motorcycle taxi driver |
| ថ្លៃ | tlay | 1. expensive, dear, valuable 2. cost, price, value |
| សាំង | saŋ | 1. gas(oline) 2. of animals: tame, tamed, domesticated, docile |
| ជាដើម | cie daəm | 1. for example, for instance 2. as above, as listed (or given) above 3. first of all, first and foremost |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ប្រយោជន៍ | prɑyaoc | 1. benefit, use(fulness) 2. importance 3. fruits, good result, consequences 4. purpose 5. utility 6. interest |
| សុខភាព | sokkʰapʰiep | health |
| ប្រៀប | priəp | 1. to compare with one another, match (up with) 2. comparison, analogy |
| ហាត់ប្រាណ | hat praan | to exercise |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |